IP-Address

There are two versions of IP's

1. IP version 4: offers IPs up to 4.2 billion (32 bit size)
2. IP version 6: 128 bit size.

IP address is used for identifying the system and provides communication.
IP address is of 32 bits divided in four octets.
Each Octet is of 8 bits, separated by a (.) dot.
IP is a combination of Network ID & Host ID.
Uses subnet mask to differentiate Network ID with Host ID.
Subnet mask acts like a mask between Network ID & the Host ID.
Numbers range between 0-255.

Organizations responsible for assigning IPs to clients.

IANA: Internet Assign Naming Authority.
ICANN: Internet Corporation assigning for name Numbers.

IANA has classified IP addressing into classes.

Class A: 1-126(used in LAN/WAN)
Class B: 128 – 191(used in LAN/WAN)
Class C: 192 – 223(used in LAN/WAN)
Class D: 224 – 239 (used for multi casting)
Class E: 240 – 254 (used for experimentation & research)

Class A:The first octet is reserved for network ID.
The first bit of first octet is always (0).

Class B: The first two octets are reserved for Network IDs.
The first two bits of first octet are reserved as (10)

Class C: The first three octets are reserved as network portions.
The first three bits of first octet are reserved as (110)

Class D: Used for Multicasting.
The first four bits of first octet are reserved as (1110)

Class E: Used for Experimentation.
The first four bits of first octet are reserved as (1111)

The first bit of first octet is called as priority bit which determines the class of N/W

0.0.0.0. Are reserved as N/W ID.
255.255.255.255 is reserved as broadcast ID.
127.0.0.1 Is reserved as loop back ID

Implementing/Configuring TCP/IP:

On Desktop
Right click on my network places-properties
Double click local area network-Select properties
Click-Use the following ip address
Specify the address in the box
DNS also same as IP address.

Verifying:

Go to command promptType” ping IP address”. (PING: Packet Internet Groper